Hydroxysafflor yellow A acutely attenuates blood-brain barrier permeability, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in traumatic brain injury in rats1

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic benefits of Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) vulnerability after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and identify its potential action of mechanisms on TBIinduced injuries. Methods: The rat TBI model was performed by using a controlled cortical impact device. The BBB permeability induced by TBI was measured through Evans Blue dye superflux and western blotting or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for tight junctional proteins (TJPs). The post-TBI changes in oxidative stress markers, inflammatory response and neuron apoptosis in brain tissue were also tested. Results: Herein, the results showed that HSYA acutely attenuated BBB permeability via increasing the production of the TJPs, including occludin, claudin-1 and zonula occludens protein 24 h after TBI. Additionally, HSYA could suppress the secretion of proinflammatory factors, such as interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), and also concurrently down-regulate the expression of inflammation-related Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa-B (TLR4/NF-kB) protein. These HSYA challenged changes were accompanied by the decreased TBI induced oxidative stress markers and inhibited the expression of apoptosis proteins Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9. Conclusions: Taken together, all findings suggested that HSYA (30 mg/kg) are against TBI through improving the integrity in BBB, which are associated with the antioxidant, anti-inflammation and antiapoptosis via the probable mechanism of down-regulation of the TLR4/NF-kB pathway, and its in-detail protective mechanisms are under study.

Determination of perfluorocarboxylic acids in fish by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry / 预防医学

Objective@#To develop the ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry ( UPLC-MS/MS ) for the determination of perfluorocarboxylic acids ( PFCAs ) in fish.@*Methods@#The fish samples were extracted with tert-butyl methyl ether and purified by WAX columns. The WAX cartridges were rinsed with methanol and 25 mmol/L ammonium acetate, and the target compound residues were eluted with 0.5% ammonia methanol and then redissolved with 50% methanol aqueous solution after nitrogen blowing to nearly dry. Nine kinds of PFCAs were simultaneously quantified by UPLC-MS/MS with 1 mmol/L ammonium acetate-methanol solution as the mobile phase.@*Results@#The extraction was separated well in UPLC BEH C18 column. There were good linear correlations of nine kinds of PFCAs in the range of 1.0-200.0 ng/mL, with the coefficients all more than 0.99. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.06-0.19 μg/kg and 0.19-0.62 μg/kg, respectively. The recovery rates were 70.08%-117.24% at different spiked levels ( 5.0, 25.0, 50.0 μg/kg ), and the relative standard deviations were 2.31%-19.68%. @*Conclusion@#Through optimizing the pretreatment conditions, the mobile phase of liquid chromatography and the detection conditions of mass spectrometry, the UPLC-MS/MS could meet the monitoring requirements of PFCAs in fish.

Serum lipid peroxide in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and its clinical significance

Serum lipid peroxides [LPO] was estimated in 39 normal subjects and equal number of patients of nasopharyngeal carcinoma [NPC] by thiobarbital acid [TEA] colorimeric method. The LPO level of NPC group was significantly higher [P < 0.01] than in normal patients. It appears that there is a close relationship between LPO and NPC. The raised LPO may be helpful in the dignosis of NPC